The Colony Collapse Disorder Affecting The Worldwide Bee

The Colony Collapse Disorder Affecting the Worldwide Bee Population As the Belgian writer Maurice Maeterlinck once said: ‘‘If the bee disappeared off the surface of the globe then man would only have four years of life left. No more bees, no more pollination, no more plants, no more animals, no more man.’’ The abovementioned quote that was used by the famous astrophysicist Albert Einstein many years later proves that the importance of honeybees in our ecosystems is a known fact since the beginning of the 20th Century. It has been 15 years that the worldwide bee population’s decline, the colony collapse disorder (CCD), is at an alarming rate, which concerns the whole scientific domain. Many companies, environmentalist groups and†¦show more content†¦Another research, conducted by Simon Potts, is also critical about the disappearance of bees, claiming that they are responsible for 80% of the fruits pollination and 75% of the crops around the world and that a possible extinction is dangerous because pollination would totally rely on butterflies. However, the latter states that there are no clear studies on the impact of pollination on crop yields so it is not possible to claim that crops growth will become unsustainable if there ever is an extinction. He finally qualified the economic value of bee’s pollination, by estimating their production to 253 billion of euros. Therefore, an extinction would lead to a global market crash and influence the economy of many countries that rely on agriculture as a predominant economic activity. Potts’ work allows understanding that the current honeybee crisis is not only dangerous for mankind because of its environmental consequences, but also for the economic impact that would occur. Many researchers decided to take a different stance than Potts and Daftardar, by examining the multiple factors of the decline of the honeybee population. For example, Natalia Sanchez explains in her article that, historically, scientists were looking for the cause of the bee’s sudden poor immune system after the Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) was blamed for the global colony collapse disorder.Show MoreRelatedColony Collapse Disorder1901 Words   |  8 PagesThe Buzz on Colony Collapse Disorder Denise Collins According to the National Geographic News website, the domestic honey bee population has decreased 50% in as many years (Roach, 2004). Many reasons are blamed for the decrease in honey bee numbers including diseases and pesticides. Scientists have given the decline in honey bee population phenomenon a name, Colony Collapse Disorder. While some experts maintain that Colony Collapse Disorder is a nuisance and not a catastrophe, it is a seriousRead MoreSummary : Bee Disappearance 1708 Words   |  7 PagesMadison Manchester Mrs. Kopcak English 12 8 May 2016 Senior Paper: Bee Disappearance Seven years ago honeybee colonies were reported to be dying en masse. They were dying from multiple causes, and these bee disappearances reflect an infertile landscape and a dysfunctional food system. The problem is that in the last 50 years bees have been dying and we’re planting more crops that require bees pollination. Colony Collapse Disorder, Varroa mites, and our farming practices attribute to these disappearancesRead MoreEssay about Agricultural and Ecological Role of the Honey Bee1976 Words   |  8 PagesHoney bee foragers perform waggle dances to inform other foragers in the hive about the location, presence, and the odor of beneficial food sources and new hive sites. The aim of the study in review was to investigate how the characteristics of waggle dances for natural food sources and environmental factors affect dance follower behavior. Due to the assumption that food source profitability tends to decrease with increasing foraging distance, a hypothesis that the a ttractiveness of a dance, measuredRead MoreSexually Transmitted Diseases35655 Words   |  143 PagesDDT may biomagnify, which causes progressively higher concentrations in the body fat of animals farther up the food chain. The near-worldwide ban on agricultural use of DDT and related chemicals has allowed some of these birds, such as the peregrine falcon, to recover in recent years. A number of the organochlorine pesticides have been banned from most uses worldwide, and globally they are controlled via the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants. These include: aldrin, chlordane, DDTRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesthen be rejected as false. This ‘empiricist’ idea has long been the keystone of much scientific thinking and practice. It is also the keystone of much common sense epistemology – ‘the facts speak for themselves’. Without that keystone, positivism collapses. For positivists, if a phenomenon cannot be directly accessed through our sensory apparatus, if it cannot be observed in some way, then we must question whether or not it exists. Things that cannot be observed must be the result of superstition,Read MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesbank or a financial bank. Therefore, the term bank occurs ambiguously. However, that same word does not occur ambiguously in the following sentence: Leroy is at the bank frantically trying to withdraw his savings before the financial system collapses. The river bank interpretation would now be too strange, so the word bank here means financial bank.71 The other words that occur in the sentence give strong clues as to which sense is meant. These surrounding words are part of the context of

Of Mice and Men Empathy Task Free Essays

Empathy Task Well here I am again on the same old ranch, alone. My friend is being chassed!! I lost my dream, my friends and my dog. When I had all those, it made me feel kinda special, I s’pose, ain’t too many guys around here who have friends; who have dreams especially these days. We will write a custom essay sample on Of Mice and Men Empathy Task or any similar topic only for you Order Now Most of them just dont care or they pretend they don’t, goddam depression, I wasn’t one of those guys, I had friends and dreams and hopes and†¦ . Anyhow, Lennie’s gone now. They are gonna found him and kill him or he will never return, for sure i am not seeing him again! I gotta say even if he was a crazy bastard that shattered my dream, does anyone knows how bad that feels!! One day you are making plans and the other day you realize that it’s never gonna happen. I lost Lennie as well, he was someone to talk to and I hope he finds the damn rabbits he always wanted, in fact; he was the one that told me about the dream in the first place. I will miss him. I am so pissed off about all these things!! She did it, that bitch, Curley’s Wife. Ever since I met her I knew she was bad. Never expected it to end the way it did though. I didn’t expect to find her dead on the floor. I mean who did. I panicked at first but I knew what to do, I had to tell George before everybody else. It was all her fault. She was the one who came to Lennie, I mean; Lennie wouldn’t have touched her, poor bastard. Lennie was a good man and i know he didn’t do it on purpose! Thing aren’t going back though, I lost all of my dreams and hopes in that split second that I realized she was dead! She was responsible, i wanted to kill her, but she was already dead!! I hate her and that scum, Curley, I bet my life he was the one that told Carlosn to shoot my dog!! Bloody ‘hand fulla Vaseline’ Still if it had to be done I prefer to have done it myself. He was my dog, my companion, my friend. I don’t know how I am going to get through the last few years of my life without him. I shoulda done it myself. They would let me leave this ranch but where would I go. I can’t go to the farm on my own can I. The thought of leaving my dog behind, is just too powerful so I’ve decided I’m not going anywhere. People leave, I am staying here alone until I rot in the ground. My dog just goes round and round in my head. If George leaves as well, life will be back to normal like it was before Lennie and George turned up. The same old people as before. Curley will still be cocky except that he will be single know and I will be the same old man with no friends at all know that my dog is gone as well. I don’t have many reasons to keep living after this, my friends are gone and my dream is shuttered!! I hate not being able to help in the fields. I miss it so much. I don’t like being here in this place all day by myself. I have spent the best years of my life working in someone else’s ranch, only to lose one hand and end up with little money!! George and Lennie were my only chance of making my dream come true!! I was gonna spent every penny I had so that i could be a bit closer to the American dream which is now something that I will never succeed. I am at the end of a long hard-working career that offered me a crap life, I can’t fix the things know, i mean i would if i could but I just can’t!! I can’t get over with the fact that I could have made it!! We were gonna get a little place and we were gonna have a big vegetable patch and all kind of good things! No one was gonna throw me out of there when I was gonna be at my oldest!! I was so close! George also started to believe that it was coming true but all of a sadden everything went down! I can’t do this anymore, why did I not die instead of being left to feel all this pain. They should have let me die†¦ How to cite Of Mice and Men Empathy Task, Papers

Comparative Equality and Diversity System †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Comparative Equality and Diversity System. Answer: Introduction Aim of this essay is to explore the concept of diversity in the workplace as it is crucial for the organizations to manage diversity in the workplace. This essay basically focuses on the business case as the evidence of diversity in the workplaces. Basically, objective of this essay is to support the diversity management practices in the organizations. For the discussion, famous company Google is taken in this essay. Google is the technology service provider company based on California. This is one of the best companies in terms of providing good working environment to its employees. The company is the brand name in all over the world in terms of building culture, low on politics, sharing the resources and wealth and full of the meaning and significance. Now, the company is adopting effective diversity management process to manage the diversity in the business operations. The company has put continuous efforts to implant diversity in the overall business operations to achieve exceptional business results. Aim of the company is to provide trust-based business environment in which employees feel supportive and connected with each other and they have various opportunities to develop and grow in the positive environment. Diversity approach and strategies In case of Google, the company is adopting equity and diversity approach to manage diversity in the workplace. Company is trying to provide the environment in which employees feel equal in the organization. To achieve equality in the workplace, Google has the policy that employees would respect the different values and status of each other and would behave fairly. Company y is operating under the Equality act 2010 for providing equal opportunities to the employees. Under this act, company is focusing on various aspects known as protected characteristics i.e. gender reassignment, age, race, religion, marriage and civil partnership, belief and disability. Along with this, Google also supports equality in terms of equal pay of salaries and wages to all the employees (Noon Oswick, 2012). On the other hand, in terms of diversity approach, Google is focused on developing the work groups so that one person can be differentiated from other person. Company understands that every person has s ome visible and non-visible differences and that must be respected by every person so that they feel valuable in the company. By understanding the traits of the people, company is able to analyze how people accept, what is their performance and what is their progress in the company. Equality and diversity approach used by Google provides flexible working environment to the employees within the company (Soltani Syed, 2012). There are some points focused by Google in the equality and diversity approach- By the equality and diversity approach, company is able to understand various factors which are needed to respond diversity, There is always diversity in the workplace related to background, age, gender beliefs and religion. Equality and diversity approach is helpful in reducing discrimination among the employees, In Google, it is crucial to implement equality and diversity approach among the employees so that they feel valued, treated fairly and motivated, This framework of equality is very effective for the employees so that they feel equally treated in the organization (Derven, 2014). In case of diversity policy, Google has adopted anti-diversity policy for improving the working conditions for women. The memo of anti-diversity is focused on reducing the differences between men and women in the company (Kawamoto, 2016). Further, Google is comprehensive proactive organization as company has adopted four types of equal opportunity policies i.e. Principles of equal opportunities policy i.e. fairness and justice for employees, Implementation of equal opportunities policy i.e. social mechanism of fairness, Effectiveness of equal opportunities policy i.e. realization of principles in the company and Perception of equal opportunities policy i.e. though or feeling of policy and process of fairness (Thompson, 2016). Diversity issue Although Google is using diversity policies to manage the business effectively but there are still some diversity issues which have to face the employees while working in the company. Some of those issues are as follows: Gender diversity is still a big problem in Google. Women are underrepresented in the technology company and holding fewer tech-related jobs in the developed world. There are some complaints of unconscious bias i.e. managers do not view women as the leadership material. There is the discrimination in the company sometimes, and women are subject to meaningless comments, questions about their personal lives and unwanted harassments. Another ethical issue faced by Google is the issue of different ethics. Sometimes employees have to face discrimination based on the cultural and racial considerations. This is controversial related issues that include hiring or promoting the employees based on certain race, religion, color and national origin and this increase discrimination among the employees at the workplace. It is also observed that employees get promotion based on some factors and companies overlook better qualified employees (Burta, Simonsb Gibbonsc, 2012). This takes many shapes in the organization such as meaningless jokes or offensive words, unwanted flirting, posting negative emails or pictures, touching or unsought bodily contact, and displaying negative objects or posters at the workplaces etc. According to the US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, sexual harassment takes place when acceptance or rejection of implicitly or explicitly impact on the employment of individual in the workplace. Harassment unreasonably interferes in the work performance of individual and creates an offensive work environment (Cox, 2010). Divers of diversity management There are various factors those are responsible for the diversity issues in the company. In case of Google, diverse workforce, discrimination and harassment and globalization of the business can be the reason. Google is a big company having number of employees for the business operations. The company is operating in all over the world so there are the employees having different religion and ethnic background. Sometimes, these things create diversity issue in the organization when employees do not understand and respect the ethical background of each other. There are some factors such as religion, ethnic and disabilities that are different among the employees and these factors are the cause of issues at the workplace. Due to these factors, employees have to face discrimination in the workplace (Klarsfeld Booysen, 2016). Basically, it is the behavior to disturb or interrupt someone within the workplace. It is illegal as it is the form of discrimination which involves the behavior of someone the separates, excludes and disgraces another group in the workplace. It impacts on the progress of the employees as they feel neglected on the workplace. Harassment is the unwanted and uninvited notice to interrupt other person including unwanted and wrong comments, physical assaults and wrong jokes that can threaten someone at the workplace (Business Link London, 2009). Due to the globalization in the business, it is crucial for the company to expand the business in various countries. Google is operating everywhere in the world and that is the reason, the company has hired employees from every country. They have to work in different countries and sometimes they have to deal with various types of diversity issues based on the education, background and language. Ways to solve problem The workforce in every company is now changing gradually. For example, instead of taking retirements, many people are still working but still women are half of the total number of workforce. So, it is crucial for Google to promote the diversity management processes in the workplace. By developing awareness and respect for each other among the employees, company is able to implement proper diversity management techniques and reduce discrimination among the employees. There is equality act adopted by the company to develop some important expectations and exemptions to treat people lawfully in the workplace. In Google, employees and employers are accountable for the act of discrimination. Company has made policy for the employees so that they would be able to understand the unacceptable activities within the organization (Greene Kirton, 2015). Google has adopted various actions i.e. change in policies, handling complaints against the harassment and discrimination and disciplinary procedures to reduce the diversity issues in the workplace. To deal with the diversity issues, employer must follow some processes to set discipline. If there is any complaints about diversity issues, then employer have to take legal actions against the issue. It is observed that there is discrimination in workforce in terms of religion so; Google has adopted diversity management for the effective business operations (Friedman and Holtom, 2002). Diversity education and training at Google Google is providing diversity education to the employees for dealing with the diversity issues effectively. Diversity education at Google has aim to minimize differences among the employees, respecting them and valuing them to drive business results. Company knows that ongoing diversity is helpful in driving employee engagement, improving productivity, leveraging diversity and creating positive work environment for the employees (Patkar, 2016). By the diversity training to the associates, company is able to implement diversity management strategies within the workplace. Along with this, company is able to implement the effective plan with an inclusive approach. Google is also offering diversity training to improve the position of women and minority people in the organization. Google is the first technology company to initiate diversity training program for dealing with the diversity issue in the workplace (Wrench, 2016). Conclusion Based on the above discussion, it is observed that diversity management is the important requirement for every business. By the diversity in the workplace, employees can be optimistic for better work and higher efficiency by providing them elasticity and good working hours. It is crucial for Google to get advantage from the different strengths and talents from the various employees. Further, diversity set a mutual relationship among the employees and allows them t work in a group. Policies adopted by Google are effective to manage workplace diversity effectively. This essay highlights the role of diversity in an organization. Sometimes, company has to face the issues in terms of language differences, working arrangements and work-life balance. It is well recognized today that diversity adds both tangible as well as intangible worth, although it requires working through the issues and costs that sometimes go along with it. It is also essential to estimate the practices of diversity ma nagement so that current status of work performance and employees job satisfaction.Policies related to diversity generate self awareness and sharing or helping affinity which reduces the conflicts in the workplace. For this manner, organization should offer fair appeal to do complaints against discrimination for the employees. Along with this, there should be transparency in the workplace and commitment of equal treatment. References Burta, C. H., Simonsb, R. L., Gibbonsc, F.X., (2012), Racial Discrimination, Ethnic-Racial Socialization, and Crime: A Micro-sociological Model of Risk and Resilience Business Link London, (2009), Business Confidence Index and Diversity Insight, London: B2B International Ltd. Business Link. Cox, T., (2010), Cultural Diversity in Organizations: Theory, Research and Practice, San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers Derven, M., (2014), "Diversity and inclusion by design: best practices from six global companies," Industrial Commercial Training, 46(2), pp. 84-91 Friedman, R., and Holtom, B. (2002), The Effects of Network Groups on Minority Employee Greene, A., Kirton, G., (2015), The Dynamics of Managing Diversity: A Critical Approach, UK: Routledge Kawamoto, D., (2016), Google's Unconscious Bias Training Yet To Fix Diversity Problem, accessed on 27th September 2017 from https://www.informationweek.com/strategic-cio/googles-unconscious-bias-training-yet-to-fix-diversity-problem/d/d-id/1324283? Klarsfeld, A., , Booysen,L., (2016), Comparative equality and diversity: main findings and research gaps: Cross Cultural Strategic Management, 23(3), pp.394 - 412 Noon, M., Oswick, C., (2012), Discourses of Diversity, Equality and Inclusion: Trenchant Formulations or Transient Fashions, 25(1) Patkar, A., (2016), Leave no one behind: equality and non-discrimination in sanitation and hygiene, Sustainable Sanitation for All: Experiences, Challenges, and Innovations, Practical Action, Rugby. Retention, Human Resource Management, 41, 4, 405421 Soltani, E., Syed, J., (2012), Tackling one-sidedness in equality and diversity research: Characteristics of the current dominant approach to managing diverse workgroups in Iran Thompson, N., (2016), Anti-Discriminatory Practice: Equality, Diversity and Social Justice, US: Palgrave Macmillan Wrench, J., (2016), Diversity Management and Discrimination: Immigrants and Ethnic Minorities in the EU, UK: Routledge

Supply and demand 2 Essay Example For Students

Supply and demand 2 Essay Recent medical advances have greatly enhanced the ability to successfully transplant organs and tissue. Forty-five years ago the first successful kidney transplant was performed in the United States, followed twenty years later by the first heart transplant. Statistics from the United Network for Organ Sharing (ONOS) indicate that in 1998 a total of 20,961 transplants were performed in the United States. Although the number of transplants has risen sharply in recent years, the demand for organs far outweighs the supply. To date, more than 65,000 people are on the national organ transplant waiting list and about 4,000 of them will die this year- about 11 every day- while waiting for a chance to extend their life through organ donation (Yoakam 1). We will write a custom essay on Supply and demand 2 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This figure, when looked at from an economic standpoint, exemplifies a case of supply and demand between organ donors and patients with a diseased organ. Just as there is a supply and demand in any given market, there are also complementary and substitute goods. Who decides who gets transplants and who doesnt? This question implies that the organ market also needs to have various, effective allocation mechanisms. The organ market has complementary and substitute goods and can use various effective allocation mechanisms. A person that receives an organ transplant almost always requires several complementary goods. One obvious good is the medical care received for the actual transplant and for follow-up doctors visits. For most people who undergo an organ or tissue transplant the quality of their life and general overall health improves following the transplant. Persons who receive a transplant are frequently required to take a series of medications that suppress their immune system and prevent their body from rejecting the newly acquired organ. They often will need to undergo frequent medical visits and testing to monitor the transplanted organ. At times, the organ transplant will be unsuccessful and the organ may need to be removed. These people will be placed back on the waiting list for another organ (Yoakam). Two more goods are the medication to prevent rejection and (assuming the patient has insurance) payments made by the patients insurance company for the patients care. The donors family is not responsible for the costs incurred through organ donation. The recipient, most times through their insurance carrier or Medicare pays for all of the costs related to the donation of organs and tissue. If the price of organs increases (whether due to an increase in demand or decrease in supply) the demand for the complementary good will decrease. The converse of a complementary good is a substitute good. In the organ market, a substitute good really depends on what organ is being considered. People with diseased livers are particularly at risk because there is no medical alternative to transplantation for keeping a patientalive. The only two obvious substitute goods for a liver transplant would be extensive medical care and pain medications. On the other hand, someone with diseased kidneys has more options. One obvious option would be dialysis. But, when looked at as a whole, the organ market does have substitute goods. If the price of organs increases (whether due to an increase in demand or decrease in supply) the demand for the substitute good will increase. Since the National Organ Transplant Act of 1984 prevents a monetary price from being placed on a donated organ, effective allocation mechanisms must be utilized. Allocation mechanisms must be accessed because the shortage of supply compared to the demand. In any market, allocation mechanisms rely on many factors but some include friendships, under the table payments, predicted profit, and personal biases. In the organ market, several allocation mechanisms come to mind. There is always the possibility that a particular patient has a family member or friend that is in the organ transplantation profession, and/or the family of the patient is able to pay-off someone in charge of the distribution of organs. In reality, these two mechanisms are frowned upon for their lack of morality. One real possibility for an allocation mechanism is to make a waiting list on a first-come first-served basis. .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063 , .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063 .postImageUrl , .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063 , .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063:hover , .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063:visited , .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063:active { border:0!important; } .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063:active , .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063 .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud20adc0b029357f8e4cbebc0c641d063:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Homemade Education Argumentative Essay This method would only be for those who, in a panel of doctors professional opinions, had a .

Free Essays on Family Tree

â€Å"What about my family?† that is what I'm going to tell you in this passage. I will politic about my family’s traditions, its uniqueness, my immediate family, and some not so routine situations my family has encountered. All of those questions and maybe more will be answered †¦ What is one of my family’s traditions? My family has many traditions that are very unnoticeable and that is why this question is hard for me to answer. But if I had to say a family tradition for my family is to dislike your biological for some reason or another. My mother doesn’t like her father to much at all, her mother isn’t in a much different situation, and I am a soldier of the same battle. But this occurs in my biological father’s path as well his father wasn’t there for him and he wasn’t there for me but he does however take care of his other children which is his only good quality. I believe that I can break this chain if I work hard and be a good father I can start a tradition of my own with my children. What makes my family unique? This question will be easily answered by me. I believe that my family’s uniqueness lies in our independence because this is a trait that everyone in my family has one way or another. I, my sister, and my mother are not dependant upon each other. We go our separate ways and work on our on while always knowing we are there for each other if needed, but will probably never call upon each other before it is to serious. We will fight it till we are losing then call for help this is in all of my family and I doubt it will change. I believe our actions and our personas are unique in my family. Describe the members of my immediate family. I only have three members in my immediate family including me, my sister, and my mother. If I had to start anywhere I would start at my mother, Leondras, she is a strong woman that takes great pride in her children and feels that she can and will reach any goals... Free Essays on Family Tree Free Essays on Family Tree â€Å"What about my family?† that is what I'm going to tell you in this passage. I will politic about my family’s traditions, its uniqueness, my immediate family, and some not so routine situations my family has encountered. All of those questions and maybe more will be answered †¦ What is one of my family’s traditions? My family has many traditions that are very unnoticeable and that is why this question is hard for me to answer. But if I had to say a family tradition for my family is to dislike your biological for some reason or another. My mother doesn’t like her father to much at all, her mother isn’t in a much different situation, and I am a soldier of the same battle. But this occurs in my biological father’s path as well his father wasn’t there for him and he wasn’t there for me but he does however take care of his other children which is his only good quality. I believe that I can break this chain if I work hard and be a good father I can start a tradition of my own with my children. What makes my family unique? This question will be easily answered by me. I believe that my family’s uniqueness lies in our independence because this is a trait that everyone in my family has one way or another. I, my sister, and my mother are not dependant upon each other. We go our separate ways and work on our on while always knowing we are there for each other if needed, but will probably never call upon each other before it is to serious. We will fight it till we are losing then call for help this is in all of my family and I doubt it will change. I believe our actions and our personas are unique in my family. Describe the members of my immediate family. I only have three members in my immediate family including me, my sister, and my mother. If I had to start anywhere I would start at my mother, Leondras, she is a strong woman that takes great pride in her children and feels that she can and will reach any goals...

How to Get Your CDL in Louisiana and Missouri

How to Get Your CDL in Louisiana and Missouri If you live in Louisiana or Missouri, check this round up of state guidelines and see what you’ll need to do to be certified to drive safely behind the wheel of a commercial job. For information on all other states, TheJobNetwork has published a guide on how to apply for a CDL in every state of the country. LouisianaThe following vehicles require you to have a CDL:If you will drive a combination vehicle (truck and trailer) whose trailer has a GVWR of 10,001+ lbs. total weight with the truck of 26,001+ lbs, you will need a Class A CDL.If you will drive a vehicle with  GVWR is 26,001+ lbs., you will need a Class B CDL. With this license, you can also tow a trailer with  weight that does not exceed 10,000 lbs.If you will transport hazardous materials or 16+ passengers (including the driver) in a vehicle with  GVWR 26,000 lbs. or less, you will need a Class C CDL.To obtain a CDL, you must:Possess and provide a valid picture driver’s licenseProvide a Supplemental Appli cation Form (DPSMV 2211)Undergo a current, complete Physical Examination (DPSMV 2219)Possess and provide proof of liability insurance on personally owned vehicle(s)Possess and provide proof of Social Security numberProvide a $15 application feeKnowledge TestThe  desired  class of license and endorsements you seek  will determine what CDL knowledge tests are required. You must obtain an 80% passing score on each required test. You must provide a Medical Examiner’s Certificate (DOT Card) or a valid Intrastate State/Interstate Waiver.The General Knowledge Test is required by all applicants, and you must pass it to take  additional knowledge tests.The Air Brake Knowledge Test is required if your vehicle is equipped with air brakes.The Combination Vehicles Knowledge Test is required if you want to drive combination vehicles.The Tanker Knowledge Test is required if you want to haul liquids in bulk.The Double/Triples Knowledge Test is required to pull double or triple traile rs.The Passenger Knowledge Test is required by all bus drivers and school bus operators. In addition, school bus operatiors must pass the   School Bus Knowledge Test.The Hazardous Materials Knowledge Test is required if you wish to haul hazardous materials.Upon passing required test(s), applicants will be issued a 60 day learner’s permit.Skills TestThis test consists of a  pre-trip inspection to include an air brake test if vehicle is equipped with air brakes, a basic maneuvers test, and a public road test.  You must pass each level before moving on to the next.MissouriThe following vehicles require you to have a CDL:If you will drive a combination vehicle (truck and trailer) whose trailer has a GVWR of 10,001+ lbs. total weight with the truck of 26,001+ lbs, you will need a Class A CDL.If you will drive a vehicle with  GVWR is 26,001+ lbs., you will need a Class B CDL. With this license, you can also tow a trailer with  weight that does not exceed 10,000 lbs.If you will transport hazardous materials or 16+ passengers (including the driver) in a vehicle with  GVWR 26,000 lbs. or less, you will need a Class C CDL.Knowledge TestThe  desired  class of license and endorsements you seek  will determine what CDL knowledge tests are required. You must obtain an 80% passing score on each required test. You must provide a Medical Examiner’s Certificate (DOT Card) or a valid Intrastate State/Interstate Waiver.The General Knowledge Test is required by all applicants, and you must pass it to take  additional knowledge tests.The Air Brake Knowledge Test is required if your vehicle is equipped with air brakes.The Combination Vehicles Knowledge Test is required if you want to drive combination vehicles.The Tanker Knowledge Test is required if you want to haul liquids in bulk.The Double/Triples Knowledge Test is required to pull double or triple trailers.The Passenger Knowledge Test is required by all bus drivers and school bus operators. In addition, school bus operatiors must pass the   School Bus Knowledge Test.The Hazardous Materials Knowledge Test is required if you wish to haul hazardous materials.Upon passing required test(s), applicants will be issued a 60 day learner’s permit.Skills TestThis test consists of a  pre-trip inspection to include an air brake test if vehicle is equipped with air brakes, a basic maneuvers test, and a public road test.  You must pass each level before moving on to the next.

Report based on the Aye Choonz music service Essay

Report based on the Aye Choonz music service - Essay Example The Palz Choonz service epitomizes what is known as the â€Å"peer-to-peer† file sharing. Users can upload music files from their devices and by connecting to the Aye Choonz system, allow other users to retrieve the file on demand. Users can choose the music to make available and can also obtain electronic copies of music that any other person may have chosen to upload to the system. Using the â€Å"MP3† technology, music files are duplicated, transferred and stored for efficient reproduction and sound recording in a computer-readable format. The copyright and patent concepts were both included in the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act (CDPA) 1988 (s. 4(1) and.5 A (1)). Under Article 1, (s. 4(a), of the constitution, the DPA secures for a limited time period to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writing and Discoveries In the case of Napster the Ninth Circuit also held that Napster was not protected under Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studio, Inc., â€Å"the Betamax case†, because of Napster’s â€Å"actual, specific knowledge of direct infringement.† Napster argued that the existing Audio Home Recording Act 9(17 U.S.C.  §Ã‚ §1001-10) protected them under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act’s safe harbor clause (17U.S.C  § 512). ... (25 marks) Customer database brings about the issue of privacy, which is a complex legal issue. The Electronic Communications Privacy Act is tasked with protecting users. Websites such as Aye Choonz collect significant amounts of personal and identifiable data that can trigger liability risk (s.3 (1, b, i)). Users5 consent to the collections of names, physical or email addresses and credit card information through forms are archived on the site. By Aye Choonz allowing third-party advertiser’s6 access to the database, it means that these organisations can track users’ browsing habits. Using cookies information is collected as a user surfs the web and feeds the information to a web server. The Aye Choonz vendor site will send cookies which are basically an identification number to the client’s computer, where it is stored in a file on the client’s hard drive and serves as a digital identifier tag that notifies Aye Choonz whenever the client re-enters the Buy Choonz site (s.3 (1,c).. According to The Electronic Communication Privacy Act7 sites like Aye Choonz can be liable for allowing commercial organisations to place cookies on users’ hard drives. Aye Choonz can also face the Common-law Privacy tort8 which is a common law doctrine of personal privacy and includes four grounds of tort (s.3 (5, 6)). Mc Veigh V. Cohen, the U.S. Navy obtained personal information from America Online regarding an anonymous user who described himself in his AOL user profile as a gay military officer (McVeigh, 1998) Proponents of online profiling contend that collecting user data allows sites to improve services. Aye Choonz should disclose data sharing with a third party to users even if the data is

Water resource issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Water resource issues - Essay Example Population size is increasing day by day whereas the availability of fresh water remains stationary or decreasing. As a result of that, the available fresh water per head is getting reduced as time goes on. Drinking water is an essential commodity required to sustain human life on earth. It is believed that the next world war may be occurred probably for the control of fresh water resources. Many people believe that the recent attack on Iraq by America was not to take revenge upon Saddam, but to seize control over the fresh water resources of Iraq. In any case, drinking water shortage is getting intensified as time goes on. It is necessary to manage water resources judiciously to overcome the drinking water shortage. Strategies necessary to reduce the pollution of fresh water resources should be implemented as much as possible. The usage of fertilizers and chemicals should be reduced as much as possible and organic farming methods should be employed more and more. Industrialization should be done carefully and the industrial wastes should not be allowed to mix with fresh water resources. In short, a little bit control on industrialization and farming would reduce the water pollution

Compensation and Benefits Strategies Recommendations Essay Example for Free

Compensation and Benefits Strategies Recommendations Essay As we put this paper together, let’s make sure we cover all the requirements: Conduct a market evaluation by researching what companies in the relevant market are providing to employees from a total compensation perspective. Recommend a compensation structure. Recommend the position in the market. Create a total compensation and benefits strategy. Consider the use of performance incentives and merit pay to recognize and engage employees. Identify laws related to the benefits and pay program. A. Cody – Comparable to other businesses in the Area (what should the client choose as a benefit package)? Austin, TX average salary for a driver with experience is 38k. Other services are hiring in new drivers with clean credentials for $15 an hour plus tips. Austin drivers make about 6% less then the national median. This data was collected from indeed.com B. Patricia – Depending on the location check the Market or Strategy to see if it will work there. Landslide Limousine must take a close look at all competitors before building any benefit and compensation package. Once Landslide Limousine has pin point what the other competitors are offering their employees Landslide then can have a clear view of the market and how they can possibly influence potential employees to come and work for the company. Currently there are 122 limousine services in Austin, Texas according to the yellow pages, and they all offers the best service at an affordable price. Landslide Limousine will have to offer an excellent benefits package if it desires to bring aboard experienced recruits and retain any recruits. Landslide Limousine will have to be patient in the beginning of their business and allow the business to flourish to be able to meet the expense of similar packages that would compare to competitors. Landslide Limousine business will be at the lower end of the market until the business picks up. The company will have to create a creative way to attract and retain skillful employees. Our recommendation is for Landslide to use a strategic plan that will separated themselves from the competitors by using an old fashioned marketing way. To bring the finest and positive employees to work for a small business the company will have to demonstrate that their mission is to inspire and implement great values to the company that will benefit the community. Landslide should consider marketing themselves out in the community by advertising the positions that will be available and at the same time introduce their company and what it has to offer. The marketing plan should include information on what the new recruits can attain, what expertise are required and what opportunity they can develop. What attracts employees to compensation package differ for each employee. A higher wage may appeal a younger generation that is single, however an older generation with a family may contemplate on having a job that offers flexible hours. We recommend for Landslide Limousines to include monetary and non-monetary components. The business must be competitive with the salary and benefits, such as health insurance, retirement plans and bonuses. The company may want to incorporate compensation for client satisfaction by rewarding employees with bonuses. Every business recognize that keeping client satisfied is a major part of developing a successful business. When deciding what wage to start an employee the company may want  to separate employees by experience and skill required for the position. All open position will be given compensation similar to the marketplace average rate. The salary rate according to Simply Hire starts with the minimum wage of $15.60, but not exciding$ 20.65 according to Pay Scale Human Capital. Landslide Limousine may want to consider if their budget permits it to start their wage in between the minimum and max making the start wage at $18.00 this amount will defiantly help the new company stand out from the rest of the competition. Limousine chauffeurs average $30,000 a year in Austin, Texas while limousine chauffeur averaged $18.22 an hour making $35,000 annually in Houston, Texas. By creating and attractive compensation packages will ensure a successful recruitment rate, retention rate and employee satisfaction. The process of creating a benefits package for 25 employees will feel as a sensible expense, but the bottom line will be that at the end of the day the company will not make a profit. The company must acknowledged that the benefits package will not be a reasonable expense. C. Jose – Based on the number of employees what is the best plan? And will the company add to the plan? D. Seneca – Based on the annual net revenue of the company we chose does the plan work for the employees and Company? Based on Landslides plan to have 25 employee’s and a net revenue of -50,000, the focus should be on having an incentives plan in place. Knowing that Landslide Limousines plans to operate with a negative budget, and will not be able to offer any benefit compensation packages to it workers, having a strong incentives program in place is very pivitol to retain it’s employee’s. Holding quality employees involves a tactical plan for benefits that rewards personnel for business devotion. This inspires new staff to make a pledge to build a profession with your business and prevents traditional employees from leaping to other corporations. These incentive systems should be easy for workers to understand and achievable enough at its lower levels to reassure employees to work tougher to reach their goals. A compensation system with performance levels that are too high for employees to reach early on in the process wont encourage harder work because employees will simply ignore it. Making this syestem Merit based will be the simplest way to operate and reward  individuals for there work. In order for this system to be effective, the merit pay program must certify that rewards provided to the best personnel will be noticeably better than growths given to normal or below-average worker. The theory of performance-based compensation for employees is that they should be compensated generously for out performing their co-workers, but if a worker performance is ordinary, that worker compensation should show that E. Michael – Finally each company is expecting the Revenue growth to stay the same for either the 1st or 2nd year does the plan we chose for them accommodate these percentages. Conclusion Whatever we will conclude with our paper. References http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes533041.htm http://www.simplyhired.com/salaries-k-limo-driver-jobs.html http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Chauffeur/Hourly_Rate http://www.simplyhired.com/salaries-k-limousine-driver-l-austin-tx-jobs.html http://www.yellowpages.com/austin-tx/limo-service?s=relevance http://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-teambased-incentive-pay-plans-21693.html http://www.sibson.com/services/performance-and-rewards/pay-for-performance/incentive-plan-design/

Decision-Making Model Analysis Essay -- Decisions Psychology Decide Es

Decision-Making Model Analysis Decisions! Decisions! Decisions! How do you make decisions? Have you ever asked yourself, â€Å"How did I make that decision?† Whether big or small, important or not so important, decision making is a process. Some people way the pros and cons while others may just flip a coin. Are decisions based on feelings, outcomes or information? Often times if we just go with our gut feeling will be miss out on important information that should be included in our decision. Decision-making can be a cognitive process of selecting a course of action form various options. Some of us are logical. Some of us are risk taking. Either way such characteristics play a role in our decisions. In my experience decision-making can also be based on biases, past experiences, peer pressure, needs and even wants. Recently, I had to make a decision about a new job opportunity. My employer offered me the opportunity to move into a new job with new tasks and responsibilities. I had to consider the position, the responsibilities, the salary and all the alternatives. The opportunity offered a pay increase. It was a tough decision. Now, while I didn’t realize it I actually used a decision-making model to decide upon my best option. Rick Roberts, Director of Career Services at University of North Florida designed a 7-Step Career Decision-Making Model. Roberts believes information is power in decision-making. He states, the more information you have the easier the decision....

Media in the Arab World

Al-Jazeera is an independent news network functioning from Qatar, which has been steadily gaining attention since its inception in 1996. The network has been fairly controversial in its choice of topics and very unconventional as well which would explain why more Arabs and Westerners alike gravitate to it for information about the current state of the Middle East. It first became popular when the network acquired a videotape containing Osama bin Laden’s message regarding the 9/11 terrorist act. In the subsequent months, Al-Jazeera became the exclusive recipient of what came to be a series of bin Laden’s messages. Al-Jazeera is characterized by its bold actions of bringing to the public issues that were previously considered sensitive or even taboo to be discussed on-air. Some of these topics include politics, corruption, terrorism, issues on gender and sexuality, religion and family values. Previously, societal dictates make discussions about topics like these only possible behind closed doors, never for the public audience.   Because of the strict censorship that Arab governments have of the media, it has been pretty hard to come up with or relate an accurate and objective description of what’s happening in the Middle East but fortunately, the network Al-Jazeera changed all that. So what are its impacts to the known world? For one thing, Al-Jazeera served as one wake-up call to the Arab world. If before, the Middle East is left in the dark about things that concern them directly, it isn’t so now. Also Al-Jazeera encouraged a lot of Arabs to get involved with present issues regarding politics, security or even religion. Since Al-Jazeera began its popularity boom, its viewer’s frequency has been uncontested. People in the Middle East are as enthused now as we are when it comes to keeping up with all of the crucial happenings in the Middle East. (El-Nawawy Mohammed, 2002) Their most popular program is called â€Å"The Opposite Direction†. With this, Al-Jazeera invites proponents of both sides to discuss a particular issue. The show is very popular that a lot of political officials and experts are willing to appear on it. This lively discussion sometimes turn into hot debates between opposing parties resulting in very controversial airings where guests walk off the stage or yell at each other at the top of their voices. Scenes that have been previously non-existent in Middle East television. Because they are independent, the Qatari government imposes little, if at all, restrictions on the network. Another fact that contributes to its growing popularity no doubt. (Mohammed el-Nawawy, 2002) Aside from impacting Arabs in the Middle East, Al-Jazeera has also established quite a name in the western world. Al-Jazeera effectively challenged the monopoly of western news networks like CNN and NBC on coverage about Middle East events, a change that most Arabs welcomed because accusations about western networks portraying them (Arabs) in a bad light are numerous. Even within Middle East networks themselves as well as international ones, there is a recognition that Al-Jazeera’s always ahead especially when it comes to groundbreaking news in the Middle East. In fact, the network is so noteworthy that it helped put the Qatari government in the map. It also helped a lot of Arabs who are living in other parts of the world. For the first time, they are now shown an accurate picture of how it is like in their hometowns that further strengthens their ties to their respective, to use Benedict Anderson â€Å"imagined communities†. This helps them relate to important matters that concern them which would provide them enough opportunity to act on it. In a certain level, Al-Jazeera helped a lot in bridging geographical gaps and bringing the Arab consciousness closer and closer. Today, if one wants to know what’s happening in the Middle East, Arabs and Westerners alike turn to Al-Jazeera for news. The Al-Jazeera network certainly created a significant impact to the power of media everywhere. I’d like to think that what Al-Jazeera represents most is the epitome of what freedom of expression means. The right to express themselves, the media’s, should not be repressed whether in the Middle East or anywhere else. In this respect, Al-Jazeera serves as a beacon that proves that no matter what restrictions are imposed on speech whether culturally or socially, its freedom can still be attained. References El-Nawawy Mohammed, I. A. (2002). Al-Jazeera: How the Free Arab Networks Scooped the World and Changed the Middle East. Cambridge, MA: Westview Press. Mohammed el-Nawawy, A. I. (2002, April 15). Al-Jazeera: How the Free Arab News Network Scooped the World and Changed the Middle East . (J. J. Myers, Interviewer)      

Mutual Fund Project Essay

The fund employs a passive management investment approach. It is a low cost way to gain diversified exposure to the equity market in the United States. The fund invests in 500 of the largest companies in the United States. The companies span many different industries and the fund accounts for about 75% of the United States stock market’s value. VFINX measures the investment return of large-capitalization stocks. The most obvious risk is the volatility that comes with its full exposure to the stock market. The mutual fund portfolio’s composition is made up of 99. 45% stocks and . 55% cash. The expense ratio for this mutual fund is . 17%. This is the annual fee that shareholders are charged. It expresses the percentage of assets deducted each fiscal year for fund expenses, including 12b-1 fees, management fees, administrative fees, operating costs, and all other asset-based costs incurred by the fund. For the Year-to-Date (ytd) rankings in its category, VFINX ranked in at 24 according to Yahoo! Finance. Over the last 10 years, the fund has performed in direct correlation to the S&P 500 being that it is an index fund and there is a beta of 1, meaning that whatever the S&P 500 does, the fund will do as well. VFINX is a good choice if an investor is seeking a mutual fund that offers the stability of large, established companies and the wide exposure of a fund that holds both value and growth stocks. Fidelity Magellan Fund (FMAGX) has ridden the ups and downs over the years of the market’s roller coaster. The fund has gone through many changes over the years and one of the most important key factors to the fund’s performance has been related to the way it was managed. The fund currently has assets totaling 14. billion and its portfolio consists of growth and value stocks across the capitalization spectrum from around the world and the United States. The fund keeps about 20 percent of the holdings in foreign stocks. It is one of the world’s most known actively managed funds and has finally found some stability due to its newest manager, Harry Lange. In 2008, during the financial crisis, the management chose to stay aggressive instead of investing defensively and incurred a bad loss, which lead to the changes in management. FMAGX is classified as a large growth fund and is ranked 24 in its category according to Yahoo! Finance. The 3-year beta is 1. 7, which means that it bears more risk than investing directly in the S&P 500, however this also means that it could provide heftier returns. The mutual fund portfolio’s composition

Great Rift Valley - Crack in the Planets Crust

Great Rift Valley - Crack in the Planet's Crust The Rift Valley of eastern Africa and Asia (sometimes called the Great Rift Valley [GRV] or East African Rift system [EAR or EARS]) is an enormous geological split in the crust of the earth, thousands of kilometers long, up to 125 miles (200 kilometers) wide, and between a few hundred to thousands of meters deep. First designated as the Great Rift Valley in the late 19th century and visible from space, the valley has also been a great source of hominid fossils, most famously in Tanzanias Olduvai Gorge. Key Takeaways: Great Rift Valley The Great Rift Valley is a huge fracture in the crust of the earth in the eastern part of Africa.  Crustal rifts are found all over the world, but the one in East Africa is the largest.  The rift is a complex series of faultlines that runs from the Red Sea down into Mozambique.The Lake Turkana basin in the rift region is known as the Cradle of Mankind and has been a source of hominid fossils since the 1970s.A 2019 paper suggests that the Kenyan and Ethiopian rifts are evolving into one single oblique rift.   The Rift Valley is the result of an ancient series of faults, rifts, and volcanoes deriving from the shifting of tectonic plates at the junction between the Somalian and the African plates. Scholars recognize two branches of the GRV: the eastern half- which is that piece north of Lake Victoria that runs NE/SW and meets the Red Sea; and the western half- running nearly N/S from Victoria to the Zambezi river in Mozambique. The eastern branch rifts first occurred 30 million years ago, the western 12.6 million years ago. In terms of rift evolution, many parts of the Great Rift Valley are in different stages, from pre-rift in the Limpopo valley, to initial-rift stage at the Malawi rift; to typical-rift stage in the northern Tanganyika rift region; to advanced-rift stage in the Ethiopian rift region; and finally to oceanic-rift stage in the Afar range. That means the region is still quite tectonically active: see Chorowicz (2005) for much more detail concerning the ages of the different rift regions. Geography and Topography The East African Rift System stretches from the Red Sea to Mozambique. It is marked by the African Great Lakes and is currently the largest rift of the world. S. Brune; Kartengrundlage: Nasa-World-Wind The Eastern African Rift Valley is a long valley flanked by uplifted shoulders that step down to the central rift by more or less parallel faults. The main valley is classed as a continental rift, extending from 12 degrees north to 15 degrees south of our planets​ equator. It extends a length of 3,500 km  and intersects major portions of the modern countries of Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, and Mozambique and minor portions of others. The width of the valley varies between 30 km to 200 km (20-125 mi), with the widest section at the northern end where it links to the Red Sea in the Afar region of Ethiopia. The depth of the valley varies across eastern Africa, but for most of its length it is more than 1 km (3280 feet) deep and at its deepest, in Ethiopia, it is over 3 km (9,800 ft) deep. The topographical steepness of its shoulders and the depth of the valley have created specialized microclimates and hydrology within its walls. Most rivers are short and small within the valley, but a few follow the rifts for hundreds of kilometers, discharging into deep lake basins. The valley acts as a north-south corridor for the migration of animals and birds  and inhibits east/west movements. When glaciers dominated most of Europe and Asia during the Pleistocene, the rift lake basins were havens for animals and plant life, including early hominins. History of the Rift Valley Studies Following on the mid- to late-19th-century work of dozens of explorers including the famous David Livingstone, the concept of an East African rift fracture was established by Austrian geologist Eduard Suess, and named the Great Rift Valley of East Africa in 1896 by British geologist John Walter Gregory. In 1921, Gregory described the GRV as a system of graben basins which included the valleys of the Red and Dead Seas in western Asia, as the Afro-Arabian rift system. Gregorys interpretation of the GRV formation was that two faults had opened up and a central piece dropped down forming the valley (called a graben). Since Gregorys investigations, scholars have re-interpreted the rift as the result of multiple graben faults organized over a major fault line at the plate juncture. The faults occurred in time from the Paleozoic to Quaternary eras, a time span of some 500 million years. In many areas, there have been repeated rifting events, including at least seven phases of rifting over the past 200 million years. Paleontology in the Rift Valley In the 1970s, paleontologist Richard Leakey designated the East African Rift region as the Cradle of Mankind, and there is no doubt that the earliest hominids- members of the Homo species- arose within its boundaries. Why that happened is a matter of conjecture, but may have something to do with the steep valley walls and microclimates created within them. The interior of the rift valley was isolated from the rest of Africa during the Pleistocene ice age  and sheltered freshwater lakes located in savannahs. As with other animals, our early ancestors may have found refuge there when the ice covered much of the planet and then evolved as hominids within its tall shoulders. An interesting study on the genetics of frog species by Freilich and colleagues showed that the valleys micro-climates and topography are at least, in this case, a biogeographic barrier that resulted in the splitting of the species into two separate gene pools. It is the eastern branch (much of Kenya and Ethiopia) where much of the paleontological work has identified hominids. Beginning about 2 million years ago, barriers in the eastern branch eroded away, a time which is coeval (as much as that clock can be called co-eval) with the spread of Homo species outside of Africa. Rift Evolution Analysis of the rift reported by German geologist Sascha Brune and colleagues in March 2019 (Corti et al. 2019) suggests that although the rift began as two overlapping disconnected rifts (Ethiopian and Kenyan), the lateral offset that lies in the Turkana depression has evolved and continues to evolve into a single oblique rift.   In March of 2018, a great crack measuring 50 feet wide and miles long opened up in the Suswa area of southwestern Kenya. Scientists believe the cause was not a sudden recent shift of the tectonic plates, but rather the abrupt erosion to the surface of a long-standing subsurface crack that developed over thousands of years. Recent heavy rains caused the soil to collapse over the crack, exposing it to the surface, rather like a sinkhole.  Ã‚   Selected Sources Blinkhorn, J., and M. Grove. The Structure of the Middle Stone Age of Eastern Africa. Quaternary Science Reviews 195 (2018): 1–20. Print.Chorowicz, Jean. The East African Rift System. Journal of African Earth Sciences 43.1–3 (2005): 379–410. Print.Corti, Giacomo, et al. Aborted Propagation of the Ethiopian Rift Caused by Linkage with the Kenyan Rift. Nature Communications 10.1 (2019): 1309. Print.Deino, Alan L., et al. Chronology of the Acheulean to Middle Stone Age Transition in Eastern Africa. Science 360.6384 (2018): 95–98. Print.Freilich, Xenia, et al. Comparative Phylogeography of Ethiopian Anurans: Impact of the Great Rift Valley and Pleistocene Climate Change. BMC Evolutionary Biology 16.1 (2016): 206. Print.Frostick, L. Africa: Rift Valley. Encyclopedia of Geology. Eds. Cocks, L. Robin M. and Ian R. Plimer. Oxford: Elsevier, 2005. 26–34. Print.Sahnouni, Mohamed, et al. 1.9-Million- and 2.4-Million-Year-Old Artifacts and Stone Tool-Cutmarked Bones from Ain Boucherit, Algeria. Science 362.6420 (2018): 1297–301. Print. Simon, Brendan, et al. Deformation and Sedimentary Evolution of the Lake Albert Rift (Uganda, East African Rift System). Marine and Petroleum Geology 86 (2017): 17–37. Print.

A Tree, A Rock, A Cloud by Carson McCuller

A Tree, A Rock, A Cloud by Carson McCuller Philosophy of the modernism and postmodernism period takes twists and turns at every chance it can. As the world begins to change at a speed previously unseen, people all over the world are confused and scared of what might come next. Though today writers have taken to the internet to show the world their ideas, writers during these periods expressed the emotions human beings felt through many different genres of literature. First a man must help those around him but then the philosophy shifts to a man must help himself to gain meaning in this life. As each man struggles to find a place for himself in the world, each man is also subject to the actions of others. So each man is a master of his own destiny but yet he is also a slave to the whims of others. This knowledge scares men, women and children all over the world. Yet human beings continue to find themselves among the fear. We all find meaning for ourselves yet sometimes questions arise after we find the meaning which defines o ur life. Some questions being: Is this the meaning I wasted my time on? Is this worth all the time I spent alone? In â€Å"A Tree, A Rock, A Cloud† by Carson McCullers these questions pop out to me after reading the tramp’s so called â€Å"science of love†. The tramp in the story had his heart broken by a woman so severely he believed he could never love again. While the philosophy of love today would suggest otherwise, the tramp wandered the country in isolation, searching for his lost love and searching for love itself. He believes he has discovered the science of love, his own personal philosophy he uses to define his life in the world. He never finds the woman he held to be so dear nor does he find another woman he loves as much as her even after he develops his â€Å"science of love†. The disillusionment the tramp faces after losing his first love tears down the natural beauty of what love really is. Natural not scientific I should say. Science can t ell many things and uncover many truths but one thing science has no power over is the ability we have to love freely. This I believe the tramp fails to understand. The tramp tried to fragment love. That’s like trying to tear Mount Everest apart with a rubber mallet. It can’t be done. Nor can you apply logic to love. You cannot apply logic to something that contradicts itself as much as love does. Yet the tramp did not realize this as he tried to break down love. The tramp tells the boy he speaks to â€Å"I meditated on love and reasoned it out†. All he reasoned out was how to believe he loved something or someone. He believed love was only one love. According to his â€Å"science† you could love a rock as easily and as deeply as you loved a woman or your child. This is not the case as most would agree. I myself have never loved my iPod or my car as much as I have loved my girlfriends or my family. The tramp failed to realize many things but chief among t hem was that love comes not from what others can give you to make you happy but rather love exists when your desire to make another happy match’s your own desire to make yourself happy. An inanimate object could never return the love that men chase, so this science of love is base on false beliefs.

The Interagency Process (National Security) Essay

The Interagency Process (National Security) - Essay Example ctice, this compartmentalization is partially mitigated by overlapping membership on various interagency groups and by the oversight of the Office of Management and Budget. However, there is still no inter-agency process for developing policy options on these issues that integrates all of the relevant facets and is supported by appropriate quantitative analysis. Any such process should have, at least, a cabinet-level committee that focuses on governmental issues but covers both the domestic and foreign policy aspects of those issues; several sub cabinet-level working groups that are chaired by a senior policy official and supported by a staff located in the White House; access to all of the resources necessary to conduct and comment on quantitative analysis of policy options; and ail avenue for exchanging ideas with industry, the local community, and other outside constituencies on a continuing basis (Friedman, pg 7). Before discussing these elements in greater detail, however, it is useful to look at the emerging international issues, examine existing interagency mechanisms for addressing these issues, and explore the boundary constraints imposed on any interagency mechanism by the United States system of government, political culture, and personnel selection process. In this paper I aim to describe the inter agency process, provide an overview of the legal framework that created the process and discuss the major players. I will explain with examples the major flaws in the present system and also the key strengths. The Interagency process also known as the IAP was officially recognized in 1947. The current process for expressing national planned policy is untied for explanation by the supervisory division, which has led to fruitless proceedings in the interagency process specially I terms of national security, idleness, and at times contradictory policy.   As the state organizes for the upcoming, it is crucial that the IAP be superior codified and dignified to

Winners Go First Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Winners Go First - Essay Example The setting of the story contains a field which the two brothers enter to play with rocks, cans and bottles. The writer has showed daytime, and has lucidly described that the overall setting through use of imagination and wordy descriptions. The writer has, very skillfully, described the dialogues of the main characters, because the reader comes to know the internal psyche of the two brothers through their conversation. For example, Anthony says to Torrie, â€Å"Boy, you oughta quit. You been reading too many of them king fu books† (Masiki, as cited in McCann & Estess, 2002). This dialogue show the mockery Anthony expresses about Torrie. When he sees Torrie praying, he says, â€Å"I wasn’t praying. I was concentrating.† On this statement, Torrie feels a conflict between his internal conception of character and the reality of the outside world. Torrie says at an instance, â€Å"Look. Just go ahead and throw, and stop clowning,† which shows Torrie’s conflict with his elder brother and his rejection of the latter’s mocking

Management of Technology10 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Management of Technology10 - Essay Example The bio-data collected assists the system to track down individual traits that are critical for record keeping. Modern day technology has evolved greatly where sharing of data between departments as well as organizations is possible through online systems. Much of the organizational data and sensitive information has been stored in electronic form through internet systems especially through hired computer cloud services. The access and management of the information is often through coded security passwords but the organization realizes the critical need for cyber security because of such threats as system hacking and destruction by malware. This is the most important reason why the board of directors needs to consider installation of cyber security systems in our organization. Other organizations often fall victim to loss of data by hackers who use malware to access and corrupt system data. Banks are often the major targets by such hackers with the intention of financial gains. Our organization needs to install well functioning antivirus programs, which are in a position to present any harmful file from opening in the computer systems. Besides, regular scanning of the systems in use is necessary in order to remove any virus or such other malware that would have gotten access into the system in any manner. Laudon K. C, Laudon J. P. and Elraga E. A., 2013. Management Information Systems, plus MyMISLab with Pearson eText, Global Edition, 13/E. Available at: (Accessed on 21 December

Models of Accounting Analysis

Models of Accounting Analysis Historic Cost In accounting, historic cost is the first money related quality of a financial item. Historic cost is focused around the stable measuring unit assumption. In a few circumstances, assets and liabilities may be demonstrated at their historic cost, as though there had been no change in value from the date of acquisition. The balance sheet value items may subsequently vary from the accurate value (WIKIPEDIA). Principle An accounting system in which assets are recorded on an balance sheet with the value at which they were obtained, rather than the current market value. The historic cost standard is used to get the measure of capital expended to acquire an asset, and is helpful for matching against changes in profits or expenses identifying with the asset purchased, and in addition for deciding past opportunity costs (Business Dictionary). Impacts Under the historical cost basis of accounting, assets and liabilities are recorded at their values when first acquired. They are not then generally restated for changes in values. Costs recorded in the Income Statement are based on the historical cost of items sold or used, rather than their replacement costs (WIKIPEDIA). Example The main headquarters of a company, which includes the land and building, was bought for $100,000 in 1945, and its expected market value today is $30 million. The asset is still recorded on the balance sheet at $100,000 (INVESTOPEDIA). Current Purchasing Power Accounting Capital maintenance in units of constant purchasing power (CMUCPP) is the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) basic accounting model originally authorized in IFRS in 1989 as an alternative to traditional historical cost accounting (WIKIPEDIA). Principle Current Purchasing Power Accounting(CPPA) includes the re-statement of historical figures at current purchasing power. For this reason, historic figures must be multiple by conversion factors. The formula for the calculation of conversion component is: Conversion factor = Price Index at the date of Conversion/Price Index at the date of item arose Conversion factor at the beginning = Price Index at the end/Price Index at the beginning Conversion factor at an average = Price Index at the end/Average Price Index Conversion factor at the end = Price Index at the end/Price Index at the end Average Price Index = Price Index at beginning + Price Index at the end/2 CPP Value = Historical value X Conversion factor (Account Managment Economics). Impacts on Financial Statements financial statements are ready on the basis of historical cost and a supplementary statement is ready showing historical items in terms of present value on the basis of general price index. Retail price index or wholesale price index is taken as an appropriate index for the conversion of historical cost items to show the changes in value of money. This method takes into consideration the changes in the value of items as a result of general price level, but it does not account for changes in the value of individual items (Accounting Managment). Example XYZ Company had a closing balance of inventory at 30 June 2012 equal to $10000. This inventory had been purchased in the last three months of the financial year. Assume the general price level index was 140 on 1 July 2011, 144 on 31 December 2011, 150 on 30 June 2012, the average for the year (July 2011-June 2012) was 145 and the average for April 2012 June 2012 was 147. For showing updated inventory with CPPA, we will use following formula Book value of inventory X current month general price index/ average index of three months = 10000 X 150/ 147 = $ 10204 (Accounting Education). Current Cost Accounting Current cost accounting is a procedure of accounting that attempts to give quality of benefits on the basis of their current replacement require as opposed to the sum they were purchased for (Ask). Principles It influences all the records and accounting reports also their balancing items. A fundamental principle underlying the estimation of gross value added, and hence GDP, is that yield and intermediate utilization must be value at the costs present at the time the processing happens. This intimates that goods withdrawn from inventories must be value at the price prevailing at the times the goods are withdrawn and not at the costs at which they entered inventories (Glossary Of Statistical Terms). Impacts Accounting systems that help in the preparation of financial reports, the cost accounting systems and reports are not subject to rules and standards like the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. As a result, there is huge variety in the cost accounting systems of the different organization and sometimes even in different parts of the same organization (WIKIPEDIA). Advantages Of Historic Cost Historic Cost provide straight forward procedure. It records gains until they are recognize. Historical Costing method are still using in accounting system. Dis-Advantages Of Historic Cost Historic Cost consider as a acquisition cost of an asset and does not recognize current market value. Historic Cost only interested in allocation of cost, not in the value of an asset. It’s neglect the current market value of the asset that may be higher or lower than its suggested. It’s gives flaws in time of inflation (Study Mode). Comments Historical Costing method is still using in accounting system, it is a traditional method of accounting system it is not represent the market value of items, due to which it is not a appropriate method to adopt. Advantages Of Current Purchasing Power Accounting Current purchasing power method uses as measuring unit. It’s provide the calculation facilities to gain or loss in purchasing power due to holding monetary items. In this method, historical accounts continue to be maintained because they prepared on supplementary basis. This method intact the purchasing power of capital contributed by shareholders, so the method is important from the shareholders point of view. This method provides reliable financial information for the management to formulate policies and plans. Dis-Advantages Of Current Purchasing Power Accounting This method is only consider changes in general purchasing power, it does not consider the changes in the value of individual items. This method based on statistical index number which not used in individual firm. It’s difficult to use suitable price index. This method is failed to remove all defects of historical cost accounting system (Accounting Management). Comments Purchasing power accounting is very useful to provide financial information for management and its intact the purchasing power of capital which contributed by shareholders, its useful in inflation time so now in current time this method is very useful. Advantages of Current Cost Accounting This methods use present value of assets, instead of the original purchase price. This type of accounting is addresses the difference between historical and current cost accounting system. This method assigns higher values on the assets owned by the business. This method also used during bankruptcy and liquidation procedures to find the total loss to the owner (Ask). Comments Cost accounting provides accurate situation of the connection between specific cost and specific outputs because traces resources as they moves through company. By adopting cost accounting for business, in that way we learn resources are being wasted and which resource are most profitable (Chron).

Prejudice and Racism †All We Need is Love, All We Got is Hate :: Sociology Racism Prejudice Essays

As the snow covered the house that my grandma occupies, I looked out the window to the neighbor's front door, their mailbox, and the circular driveway they had. It was just another home, where kids could build a snowman or throw snowballs on the front lawn. But there where no children or snowmen here. And beneath the snow, the word "N-I-G-G-E-R" was written in the grass. A family- a home- where they had bothered no one. One night someone decided to take weed killer and burn it in giant letters into their lawn. This is why our nation, the melting pot of many races, needs to confront the problem and deal with what really is in front of us. When I first really thought about this, I thought, this is not Mississippi, or Alabama; this is Michigan, and it's in my grandma's neighborhood. And the thing is, their a normal family, just like any other. They went on trips in the summer, and spring, and this time came back to a message on the lawn. I sat there that day watching cars go by their house as if it were haunted or something. I guess it can happen anywhere. But this snow-covered house is still a reflection of America, white on top with a hatred burning underneath. I go to a college, where the races meet every day. Colored man helps white man; white man helps colored man. Doesn't sound right ? That's how bad our society has gotten. Disturbing? Of course. But what is more disturbing is, lately when these issues of racism have come up, there seems to be impatience and annoyance. "Does everything have to be racism?" people ask. And they're always complaining that "It's just a little thing." No, it's not. People are always saying that there is little prejudice. But how is that true ? It's like saying you're a little pregnant; can't happen. But this is nothing new. How many times have you heard "He's fast; for a white guy." Or "White men can't jump," Or "All black guys can jump and dance." And in reality these are all hateful things to say. As whites, we are the majority, and don't always realize it. And whenever there's racist complaints, we say "OK, we'll change" with a sigh. It's the white's who go crazy to get black athlete's autographs. They say "We love you!" yet how many would let them date your daughter? Although I say this, I do believe that some progress has been made. But I do think that when you're the majority, you do have to guard against

Architecture as a Political Tool for Change

Red LocationArchitecture as a Political Tool for Change Could you speak about the context of the project-Port Elizabeth as a Port City and New Brighton as a Township? Port Elizabeth sits on the East Coast ofSouth Africa and interestingly enough it was one of the first topographic points to be discovered by the Portuguese, on their geographic expeditions to the East. The metropolis sits on a big bay called Algoa Bay and offers great entree to the backwoods of South Africa. It was truly given form in colonial footings by the 1820 Settlers but in the 20thcentury became the Centre of car industry of Africa and most of the world’s major auto makers had assembly lines in Port Elizabeth. So it is a tough minded industrial town. You could state it is much like a company town, a spot like Detroit. It is a topographic point that ne'er had any industry to back up it, other than a port and the motor auto industry. In the last portion of the 20thcentury it was the site of a great trade of internal battle, chiefly led by the trade brotherhoods, which were mostly responsible for the ruin of apartheid. You could state that the autumn of the apartheid authorities was made touchable by the opposition mounted within the state and it was the trade brotherhoods in Port Elizabeth who mostly shaped that. So it is an industrial town with a strong and proud trade brotherhood history. It has had its ups and downs like all industrial metropoliss have had. The context of New Brighton so, is that it provides most of the labor for the car industry. The people who live there are ferociously proud. Obviously trade unionism and trade brotherhood civilization is really much portion of the manner they see the universe and Red Location is an of import Centre in New Brighton. It is in a sense one of the few sites of battle in the state where trade unionism is really strongly marked. The metropolis was best characterized by the early work of Athol Fugard, which were all set in Port Elizabeth. The plants truly dealt with a tough sort of urban Centre, where people struggled for endurance and managed to do sense of lives that were truly devastated by apartheid, and assorted other things. It is a great metropolis but it is a metropolis that has ever had an unsure hereafter. The people are truly great, because most of them have merely known adversity, so they don’t have the same sort of outlook that people from Johannesburg, Cape Town or Durban might hold. They are much more down to earth and much more able to set up with less, with a batch more temper. I think it is one of the nicest metropoliss to work in. What is the significance of Red Location? Red Location was the first settled urban black community in the whole of South Africa, and it came approximately, oddly plenty through the Boer War. The edifices that comprised Red Location in 1902 really came from an Afrikaner concentration cantonment. At the terminal of the Boer War, the barracks were dismantled and were so taken to Red Location and re-assembled to originally suit a battalion of British soldiers, who shortly moved out. The first African black households so moved in. So it is historically of import because it was the first African black community in the state. And for this ground it really became the Centre of the rational and cultural life of New Brighton, which grew to a community of, what is today, approximately half a million people. You had great figures like George Pemba, the creative person, Govan Mbeki, Raymond Mhlaba and Ernest Malgas among others who are really of import people in our history who came from New Brighton. It was besides a site of battle. In the late 1940s the battle against apartheid intensified, many of the leaders of that battle came from New Brighton and peculiarly the Red Location country. Thingss like the first resistance, armed MK cell existed in Red Location. The first inactive opposition against the base on balls Torahs was mounted in Red Location, led by Raymond Mhlaba, which took topographic point at the Red Location railroad station. So there were a figure of important events that truly mark Red Location as a national site of battle. What for me is most interesting is this really self-contradictory inversion, where you have a set of infinites [ the barracks ] which were constructed for the captivity of Afrikaner adult females and kids. They were efficaciously concentration cantonments. About 30 five 1000 Afrikaner adult females and kids died in those concentration cantonments. Then after the Boer War they were re-assembled in a black country, where black households lived. So with the rise of Afrikaner patriotism, you have Afrikanders, efficaciously incarcerating black people, in assorted different ways, in the same set of infinites. So those edifices have gone through a figure of different battles. And in a manner it is a strong metaphor for this state, that in a manner, everyone in this state has fought for their freedom at one phase or another. So the thought with Red Location was that it would be the ideal topographic point for a museum, which would cover truly with rapprochement. Where you could convey together the histories of the Afrikaner people and the histories of the black African people and show that they both suffered in different ways at different times, under different groups and governments. So it was in a manner about speaking about a existent signifier of rapprochement. It wasn’t merely one group against another. So the alone conditions of Red Location lent itself fabulously for a museum. Second Ernest Malgas, Raymond Mhlaba and Govan Mbeki wanted to happen some manner to maintain the memory of Red Location alive so that future coevalss would be able to understand what people had suffered, under apartheid. So in a self-contradictory move, we thought, what better topographic point in Port Elizabeth than to utilize Red Location as the new cultural Centre of the metropolis. You have the site of battle that you so conveying people from different parts of the metropolis, to prosecute in cultural activities, where you have a museum which negotiations about all these different battles of a whole scope of different people. And that is how the whole thought was born, which is a antic manner of believing about spacial transmutation. It truly reaches deep into the manner in which people feel about their universes if you confront them with all these different histories. So that was the purpose that lay behind it and we are now seeking to do that into a concrete world. Could you describe the cardinal thoughts for the Museum and how the histories of Red Location or South Africa were represented in the Memory Boxes? The thought of the memory boxes was bound up with the inquiry of how to do a museum in modern-day South Africa that would be directed towards, a populace that may hold ne'er been into a museum before. How could youre-describe the modern-day museum that would be accessible to a populace that might hold no construct what a museum is? And that’swherethe thought of the memory box came from. It is something that we all know. It is boundup with the thought of stand foring the yesteryear and which goes all the manner back to the Boer War concentration camp.One of the jobs with the concentration cantonments was that while, thirty five 1000 Afrikaner adult females and kids died an equal figure of black adult females and kids besides died in the camps.At the terminal of the Boer War, Emily Hobhouse wanted to do a memorial that would memorialize the agony of adult females and kids in the war. The Afrikaner patriots so, got clasp of that thought and they removed any mention toblack adult females and kids and made the Vrouemonument, which became this powerful symbol in the rise of Afrikaner patriotism. So they efficaciously rewrote history and excluded black adult females and kids in order to fulfill their peculiar nationalist involvement. So I didn’t want the Red Location museum to reiterate the same thing for black people, where the museum would state the narrative of the black people subverting the white people and so it would merely be a narrative about black triumph over white people. Therewere many white voices that had to be heard and there were many adult females that were involved. So I wanted to travel off from the meta-narrative, because when you tell a individual history you exclude excessively much, which is what the Afrikaner patriots did. So the memory box became a manner of interrupting up narrative of history into a series of episodes which are bound up about subjects to make with battle instead than a series of additive events. So it was both a political thought and a spacial thought. The new edifices within the precinct, and peculiarly the Museum, have a really distinguishable architectural linguistic communication. How did the physical and or political context of Red Location give signifier and form to the edifices? There were two things which I thought were of import. Firstly it was 1998 and the whole inquiry of what constituted public architecture and how public edifices be represented in the state was up for inquiry. There was, in a sense a antic chance, for this new beginning of doing new civic architecture and realising that, at that point in clip, the linguistic communication of the civic architecture of the yesteryear would be inappropriate for doing civic edifices of the hereafter. One of the most interesting exercisings of that clip was the Constitutional Court, which truly had to make with a edifice which was a mixture of a whole batch of different things. And, in a manner, one could state that was a really clear representation of the thought that we are a really assorted heterogenous society and that the public edifices we make should reflect that. That was one attack. I took a more political attack and truly wanted to give look to the epic histrions of the trade brotherhoods. In most parts of the universe the saw-tooth roof is seen as a symbol of topographic points where people are exploited and I thought possibly in South Africa there could be a different reading of it-that it could read as a topographic point where the battle was fought and won and that it could be a topographic point imbued with virtuousness. This thought was proved to be effectual in three ways. First that it was a omnipresent signifier found throughout South Africa, it was symbolically associated with trade unionism and thirdly it was an effectual manner of ventilating and conveying visible radiation into the edifices. So for the competition I designed seven or so edifices, and decided that the linguistic communication which would keep the edifices together, would be the thought of conveying visible radiation in through the roof, but the roof signifier would be changed and adjusted to accommodate the programmatic demands of the infinite below. The edifices have an inexplicit relationship to the street, made touchable through the interaction of people with the frontages. Could you elaborate on this? Well the urban scheme was to make an ten, a cross-road, which is the most straightforward signifier of taging an urban infinite. One of the things I didn’t want to make was to make public unfastened infinite, because public infinite has to turn and organize itself over clip, you can’t do it immediately. But it seemed to me that the best public infinite in South Africa is the street and the manner in which life happens along its borders. So what we did at Red Location was to reenforce the thought of street and where we make bigger infinites we merely created indentures in the edifices which come straight off the street. This is nevertheless a comparatively new thought for public edifices in South Africa. The metropolis has for a long clip held the position that all public edifices had to be behind fencings. We confronted them on this and they were good plenty to give us the spell in front. And it has worked. Other than the uneven scratch here or at that place, the edifices have been good looked after by the people. So it seems to be a reasonably good scheme for doing public edifices. For me the most successful move we made was the diagonal cut across the forepart of the museum because people really travel right into the infinite of the museum even though it is outside it still becomes portion of their day-to-day lives. They are really straightforward thoughts, it is non rocket scientific discipline, but we seem to hold lost these things as designers because we make things excessively complicated, we move excessively far off from what is so obvious to us. Then on a smaller graduated table the thought was to line the walls of the edifices with seating, shadiness and trees. One of the loveliest things I have seen take topographic point during summer eventides is outside the archive edifice. The seats that line the wall have a series of visible radiations above them and between them you have small dark infinites and I have seen about eight twosomes sitting in these darker pools, sitting at that place and spooning. This is like, their topographic point where they could acquire together, and I thought, this is merely the best thing that architecture could be-this topographic point where immature people can come to snuggle. The edifices have a house order, made explicit by the usage of the concrete frame. Be it the purpose to do the edifices adaptable or to suit multiple utilizations? That’s a slippery 1. It was ne'er the purpose to do the infinites adaptable or mutable. That said, the museum is really frequently non used as a museum. A batch of the people sing the museum are go toing talks, book launches and even wine tasting. So the museum has become something much more than a museum but has become a Centre for community engagement the place of black intellectuals. So I think if you make infinites that have a strong order and that order has a good proportion I think it can ever accommodate to alterations in usage over clip. I think when you have fragmented infinites, which are strictly shaped by programmatic usage it becomes about impossible to adapt.But built-in in the design of the edifices is an overarching order and a system of proportion that would impart themselves to other utilizations if need be. They can be kicked around, they are robust. What informed the stuff picks? In general footings, when 1 makes a edifice one is ever confronted with a million picks and you have to somehow bound yourself. What seems to do the most sense in making that is to merely utilize what is locally available. The metropolis has a authorization that all public edifices are required to hold a 50 % local labour constituent which meant that we had to plan edifices which were non overly-complex in their devising. We used concrete block which was made by the contractor. The pine is Tsitsikamma pine, which is a really beautiful wood from the nearby Tsitsikamma wood. The other thought is truly a didactic 1. To state to the people who live in Red Location that we must travel off from this thought of sing where you live as a 2nd rate topographic point, but instead that stuffs used in your environment are baronial stuffs and when used decently can truly be used to do rather beautiful things. So it is non about the stuffs itself but how one uses them. And so it empowers people, to gain that if they build out of concrete block and pine they can really do truly nice palisading systems. So it is non about demoing up the sort of poorness but instead working with what is omnipresent to the country and promoting it to give it a signifier of pride and regard. I frequently get asked by co-workers or other designers whether possibly people in Red Location would prefer the edifices to non be made with concrete block, pine and steel sheeting? But I have ne'er thought of it in that manner, so long as they are put together in a pleasing mode. We as in-between category citizens seem to transport those biass more than anyone else. On more micro graduated table there was a sense of seeking to happen a linguistic communication of stuffs that would reflect people’s relationship with them. So the material that people would touch would be made from soft warm stuffs and the material that they didn’t touch would be made out robust stuffs such as concrete, so where people would sit we would utilize lumber and line the walls with rug. So it was reasonably straightforward in that sense. The edifices are truly rather large, could you discourse this? One of the first unfavorable judgment we received about the museum was that it was excessively large and that the graduated table was incorrect. That it didn’t transport a human graduated table. I have ever been rather amused by that thought, because somehow the thought of human graduated table, is something that worlds can make. But it isn’t that. Human graduated table can be present in immense edifices, it is more about accomplishing the right proportions and composing of the parts. One of the jobs with townships is that they have excessively much of one sort of graduated table, there is no alleviation at all from these individual narrative edifices, so the thought of edifice large edifices in a township is great because you so acquire a apposition of graduated tables. But one ever has to convey the graduated table down through the composing of the elements. It is the same thought as a Gothic cathedral, which has a monumental graduated table and as you move closer and closer you see more and more item, until you can finally follow the lineation of a saint which has been carved out of rock, with your fingertips. It is that sort of grading of edifices which we don’t have any longer, which is my job with say the work of Frank Gehry, who I think is a great designer, but his edifices have no graduated table. One could construct them at half the size and it would read in the same manner. I think that comes from the computing machine because the computing machine doesn’t have a graduated table, and that’s a great job we face. Last, you work a batch by manus. What is the significance or importance of this, both in your personal work and for architecture as a whole? I think through the act of pulling. There is nil that the computing machine can make that can replicatethat sense ofcontrol that you have by pulling by manus. Whenyou draw by the manus you connect with your head and your bosom, and it is an action that you can command. It has immediate graduated table, because you have a splanchnic connexion between your manus and your encephalon. So I truly believe it is of import. I think it is get downing to be rediscovered, you see in architectural diaries that are get downing to print tonss of drawings by designers, which is good. It has besides got to make with a lesson I learnt from Pancho Guedes. He taught me that one should ne'er finish a drawing, but instead redraw and redraw and it is through the act of redrawing that the thought becomes more crystalline. I one time found Pancho redrawing a program he had worked on twenty old ages ago, and he was merely seeking to acquire it better and better, and that’s how you learn.